Blue: The Color of Honor

May 15, 2012 1 Comment

Not for money or thanks, fame or fanfare.  Our nation’s LEOs rise each day focused on a mission to serve and protect.  With a silent prayer for their safe return, their families see them off knowing that their loved ones were called to a profession and nothing could keep them from their sworn duties.

This week we honor all LEOs and remember those who brought to the fight everything they had to give. On that day, at the end of their watch, their commitment and dedication to their communities were not enough. Their training and experience were not enough. So, true to the heart of a warrior, they gave their lives.

Let us take time to pause this week and remember their sacrifices. May we never forget the honor they demonstrated in their last moments. This week and always, we must remember and care for the spouses and children they left behind.

Through our actions and our words, I hope we make them proud as we continue their work here on earth. Share those blue ribbons with friends as well as strangers.  Tell them about our fallen brothers and sisters and the sacrifices they made. Tell the stories of their devotion to their communities. Tell everyone you know how proud we are to be part of this profession and how blue is the color of honor.

Stay safe.

Filed under Education, FOP & POST, Law enforcement memorial, Media Relations, Officer Involved Shooting, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Social Networking Tagged with , , , , , , ,

In The Heart Of A Hero

May 8, 2012 1 Comment

This weekend, Hunting For Heroes gathered five disabled LEOs in Missouri for a turkey hunt. The honorees came from Pennsylvania, Texas, West Virginia, and Ohio. Some injuries were visible and some were not, but all were apparent. All were disabled due to injuries sustained in the line of duty.

Volunteers, some of whom are disabled LEOs, came from hundreds of miles away to bring to bear their efforts and resources to serve these fallen brothers. Some of the volunteers were active LEOs and some never served. Others were business owners and company representatives. This weekend, all were focused on a common mission: to serve and support our honorees.

This weekend, our heroes represented a broad age range. While one was recently injured in the line of duty, the others were injured three or more years earlier. Their lives, and the lives of those close to them, changed forever as a result of their injuries. They have endured physical and emotional hardships compounded by the financial hardships of the loss of a salary and benefits. In most cases, their stories have become far too familiar. Medical retirement from law enforcement leaves LEOs in dire financial straits. In addition, many feel abandoned by their departments and the governments they served, their final days of service long forgotten in a morass of rules, regulations and red tape. Benefits promised and outlined in policies serving as poor substitutes for the ability to work 40 hours per week and collect a paycheck and earn benefits. Finally, their spouses, standing strong in the face of adversity, bear the weight of unimaginable stress searching for programs and financial relief that seems to always be on the horizon. All the while, these LEOs move forward. Sometimes dependent upon others for even basic necessities of life.

This weekend, however, these broken heroes were taken away from the daily stress of their new lives and brought to an environment of healing, camaraderie and support to continue their life-long healing process. For one weekend, their needs were met, they shared stories, laughed and cried with fellow LEOs in an atmosphere of support befitting the sacrifices they made for their communities. In a beautiful setting in rural Missouri, we saw that while their bodies may be broken, their hearts are intact. Their drive to succeed is alive and well and their refusal to give up is as strong as ever. They are, simply put, still LEOs in every sense of the word.

They may no longer wear their uniforms, but we all know the uniform does not make a LEO. Being a LEO is a calling. It is a passion to serve and to answer the call of help from strangers.  It is that passion that carries these brave men through the surgeries and pain they have endured.

With handshakes, hugs, and tears, we parted from our new friends today. The heroes and their families thanked us for what we did for them. They said they appreciated our services and our sacrifices. However, through our service to them, we renew ourselves. We gave them a few days of time back in the fold of the law enforcement community. It is a strong community with arms broad enough to hold up and support the fallen and we must support them. We must do a better job of ensuring that no LEO injured in the line of duty ever wants for healthcare or groceries for themselves and their families. For if we are unable to focus our efforts on those among us who gave so much, then we will fail as public servants and our cities and counties cannot count themselves as communities. A community cares for those in need.

You can help Hunting For Heroes by letting us know about a disabled LEO in your community. You can also make a donation to the organization. Finally, you can serve as a volunteer at one of our events. Come see the smile on the face of a disabled LEO who meets the commander of the state patrol who arrived just to meet him. Watch a disabled LEO’s face as he receives gifts and spends time with people who gather just to honor him and his family. See the faces of family members who see their injured LEO smile and laugh for the first time in years. Watch as these heroes learn that they can be a part of the outdoors and fish and hunt like they did before their injuries took a toll. Support Hunting For Heroes and see what true passion, courage and determination resides in the heart of a hero.

Stay safe.

Filed under disabled LEOs, Education, LEO Litigation, Media Relations, Officer Involved Shooting, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Social Networking Tagged with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Lawsuits Surrounding Active Shooter Incidents: Is the pursuit of compensation overshadowing the goal of prevention?

March 28, 2012 Leave a comment

We have a sophisticated civil justice system in the United States. Individuals can pursue relief in local, state and federal courts with or without attorneys. Individuals have pursued cases to the United States Supreme Court without counsel to argue before the justices and seek redress for injuries. Without a doubt, our country provides an open and accessible forum to those who seek a civil remedy against a person, government or corporate entity. Those remedies range from monetary awards to injunctions. All are enforceable with the considerable authority of the courts.

When a tragedy occurs, it is reasonable and expected that people will seek the assistance of our courts. I routinely represent people on both sides of these cases. I file suit on behalf of people injured or killed by DUI drivers, armed robbers and people who are merely careless. I also defend cases filed by people who are injured or families who have lost someone. Despite the news stories about excessive verdicts, judges and juries are best known for careful consideration and reasonable verdicts. I have personally watched trial and appellate courts wrestle with tough issues and spoken with jurors after verdicts to learn how much they focused on the facts and law to arrive at a resolution. After all, in the end cases goes to a jury because the parties are unable to resolve their disputes.

There is no doubt that the policies and procedures of governments and law enforcement agencies are shaped by jury verdicts. The $8 million verdict this month in connection with the Virginia Tech shooting will get the attention of administrators irrespective of the anticipated appeal. A jury found fault and put a price on the compensation for the parents of the two students. This verdict will resonate for some time on campuses around the United States and policies will reflect this renewed focus on student safety. However, are those efforts appropriately focused on preventing future strategies?

With regard to active shooters, we are witnessing a conflict between opposing polices and philosophies. While everyone wants to prevent these tragedies, that is where the sides diverge. One side believes that high verdicts against landowners, universities and corporations will prevent future active shooter incidents. The other side understands that nothing can truly prevent the active shooter and recognizes that we can only find ways to reduce the threat and when the active shooter strikes, we must find ways to neutralize that threat as quickly as possible. Unfortunately, this debate is further complicated by the fact that the first group wants to restrict or eliminate the ability of citizens and law enforcement to react to the active shooter by limiting access to firearms. For example, LEOs have been able to carry firearms off-duty all over the United States since 2004. However, I have helped several LEOs who were criticized by college administrators for carrying firearms while attending classes. One LEO received a complaint when he wore his firearm into a day care center when he dropped off his child. He was in uniform. You just cannot make this up.

Only in rare instances do we have any advanced warning of an active shooter. Witnesses saw Colin Ferguson loading magazines on a New York City subway before he shot 25 people killing 6 on December 7, 1993.  However, more often than not, the warning signs are pieced together after the fact during the investigation. Although many active shooters have been stopped before they act out their plans, if we rely upon advance notice to reduce the number of deaths and injuries from active shooters, we will continue to be disappointed in our efforts.

Active shooter incidents are typically over within a few minutes. Intervention by LEOs or armed civilians must be swift and decisive. It is extremely rare for an active shooter to leave a scene and return some time later. Yet this was exactly what the active shooter did at Virginia Tech on April 16, 2007. Part of the threat and fear of an active shooter is the lack of predictability. That will never change.

We have a jury verdict nearly five years after Seung-Hui Cho killed 32 people and wounded 25 others on a college campus. Long after these heartbroken parents buried their children and far into the recovery for the injured students, we are still listening to self-proclaimed experts tell us about law enforcement techniques. As I stated in a previous post, they continue to criticize our profession and blame everyone from the LEOs to gun manufacturers.

The verdicts will not protect anyone, the news articles will not save anyone and the so-called “experts” will not be around to run toward the gunshots to save lives. It will be the LEOs who respond and the armed civilians on the scene who will protect the potential victims of the next active shooter. Perhaps when both sides of the argument agree on this point, the carnage will stop or at least the numbers of injured and killed civilians will go down. It would help if the media focused half of their attention on educating the public on how to respond to these incidents and less upon the verdicts years after the funerals.

Until then, LEOs will train to respond, plan for every contingency and prepare for the inevitable criticism that follows any incident. We do not need verdicts to motivate us. It is part of the oath. Stay safe.

Filed under Active Shooters, Constitutional Law, Due Process, Education, Legal Update, LEO Litigation, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Use of Force Tagged with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Lance LoRusso Becomes a Regular Contributing Author to lawenforcementtoday.com!

March 12, 2012 Leave a comment

I just submitted an article and am honored to become a regular contributing author to http://lawenforcementtoday.com. The website reaches over 160,000 people and LEOs from around the world! You can also follow the site on Twitter @LawEnforceToday and find them on Facebook! Stay safe.

Filed under Case Law, Constitutional Law, Education, Legal Update, LEO Litigation, Media Relations, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Social Networking, Use of Force, Use of Tasers Tagged with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Time Away From The Job Makes A Better Crime Fighter

March 7, 2012 1 Comment

I remember when I was applying for my first job in law enforcement. I spoke with LEOs from many different agencies and asked a thousand questions. Truth be known, I probably drove them crazy! How much time do you spend out of the office? How much training do you get each year? What type of firearm do you carry? How is the culture? Do people stay for years or move on after a few years? I even asked about retirement benefits, go figure!

There was one question I did not ask and to this day, I cannot tell you why. “How much vacation do you get each year?” Looking back, that may have been the most important question for me to ask! The older I get, the more I realize what an important piece of information that was to me.

I know when you started working as a LEO, you were convinced that if you were out for one day, crime would take over the world! Robbers would rob, burglars would burgle and people would start ripping off their mattress tags! It would be chaos! As you know, this feeling wears off and we go forward knowing that the world will not end if we take a day off. However, we then encounter other reasons to avoid putting in for annual leave. The shift is short-handed, you need the overtime, you are working part-time jobs in your off days, etc. Before you know it, you are a seven-year veteran with a great work record, lots of training and a case of burnout that could kill a horse! That is how it happens, one shift at a time.

Now burnout is a bad thing for many reasons. First and foremost, your body becomes less able to manage normal levels of stress. Second, you become less tolerant of the daily nonsense LEOs encounter from the public and the agency. Finally, and most important, you become careless. This job demands your highest levels of attention. Being tired, being lax or getting into a rush can get you hurt or killed. Even worse, it can get someone else hurt or killed.

No matter how great your working conditions, you need a vacation at least once per year. If you are like me, it takes more than a long weekend to push in the clutch and let the RPMs wind down. You need a week, even if you never leave town. I’m talking about time away from the job. You do not need to head to see the big rat or one of the seven wonders of the world to decompress, get the stress out of your system and renew your commitment for the profession. You just need to separate yourself from your work!

Perhaps you work in a department that does not have any politics going on, has no stressful calls and no conflict whatsoever. If so, readers of this blog would love to apply! Even if you do, and I doubt it, the job itself is stressful enough to warrant a break.

Still don’t believe me? Ask your family. They’ll tell you…if you are willing to listen. Your spouse would like to see you out of uniform, pun intended. Your kids would like to see you for more that a few minutes between shifts and part-time jobs. Your friends would like to get you out for a movie, ball game or BBQ. Just ask them then listen to their answers.

So, before you find yourself writing someone a ticket for walking a cat without a license or doing a felony stop on a kid riding his bike without a helmet, take some time off. Check your calendar this week. Check your department schedule for the next few months. Look at your annual leave bank. You can afford some vacation time. Schedule it and take it. You will renew your desire to do the job, your family will benefit and trust me, crime will not overrun the world in your absence.

If crime does take over the world in your absence, when you get back you can put on your cape and take care of business!

Stay safe.

Filed under Education, Keeping it light, LEO Litigation, Officer Safety Tagged with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Civil Suits By LEOs: Your Rights on the Civil Side of the Law

February 19, 2012 Leave a comment

You are driving your patrol vehicle facing a green light at a busy intersection. In a scenario played out thousands of times each day, a driver approaching the red light from the right is too busy texting a friend to pay attention to the color of a traffic signal. He is traveling 50 miles per hour and never touches the brakes as he enters the intersection and strikes the passenger side of your patrol vehicle.There was no way for you to avoid the collision.

The impact is severe. When your car stops spinning, you realize you are hurt. Not the type of bruising and soreness you feel after arresting a resisting suspect, I mean really hurt. Your first responder skills kick in as you take a moment to assess your injuries. When you see the deformity in your right arm. you tell radio to send EMS code 1.

I have had the honor to represent many LEOs in many types of cases. I’ve stood with LEOs in grand juries, trial courts, civil service boards and internal affair interviews. I have also stood and protected LEOs and their families when they were injured on the job. I’m not just talking about workers compensation cases. I’m talking about using the civil courts to recover money damages for LEOs injured on the job.

Most of these cases involve motor vehicle collisions. However, that is not always the case. I sued on behalf of a LEO in response to a use of force claim filed by a young man and his parents after the LEO shot the young man. The LEO shot several times after the young man stabbed the LEO. I sued the perpetrator for the stabbing and the parents for buying the knife. I also sued a person who falsely alleged that a LEO fondled her on a traffic stop. We were successful in both cases and many others.

Civil suits are nearly always available to LEOs any time they are injured by the actions of another. Sometimes, the suits do not make sense, but often, this is the only way for the LEO to clear his name. In the case of the LEO falsely accused of fondling a woman on a traffic stop, he now has a copy of the civil judgment against this accuser in his personnel file. No lingering questions hanging over his head or rumors during promotion reviews. He was cleared. His accuser also has to write him a check every month.

Civil suits are separate and apart from a claim under workers compensation. Workers compensation is a no-fault system. If you are working and suffer an injury, the workers compensation system is there to ensure that your medical bills and other benefits are paid. However, you can file a claim for workers compensation and a civil suit against the person who injured you. In most states, however, you cannot sue your employer in a separate civil suit.

In the case above, you would have a potential civil suit against the driver who ran the red light. You may also have a claim against the driver’s employer. These claims often settle without the need for a civil suit especially when people pull out in front of LEOs. It is hard to say you did not see the marked car coming! Juries are very unforgiving of people who injure LEOs; especially DUI drivers!

The important thing is to find an attorney who is not working for your agency or government entity. You must find an attorney who will independently evaluate the merits of your case. In my experience, agencies do not care if you file suit against a person who injures you and are generally very supportive. This is especially the case when you file a countersuit against a person who sues you for excessive use of force. Remember that the suspect who punches and kicks you can be sued! That is the basis of your countersuit when that same suspect sues you for excessive use of force after you arrest him.

Finally, the attorney you choose must be willing to go the extra mile. I once represented a LEO who was shot serving a warrant. He and his partner were able to exit the house. The suspect took his own life after the responding LEOs formed a perimeter. I wanted to file suit against the suspect’s estate, but the family tried to prevent this by refusing to set up an estate. So, I set up an estate for the suspect, appointed an attorney to represent the estate and filed suit against the suspect’s estate! It took over two years, but were able to collect a settlement for the LEO. He is still working today, and I am proud to know that I helped him.

I learned many things in law school and I learned a lot on the street as a LEO. I practice law with a philosophy from the street, “Never give up.” Do not forget to consider a civil suit if you are injured on duty. This is so important to protect yourself and your family as you may not be able to work part-time jobs or earn any overtime while out of work. A recovery in a civil suit can help fill those gaps especially if you are not able to return to work. Read my blog post on underinsured/ underinsured motorist (UM) insurance to make certain you are doing everything possible to protect yourself. UM insurance on his personal vehicle would likely help our LEO in the accident described above.

You are a part of our court system, civil and criminal. Do not hesitate to use that system to help you when you are injured on and off duty. You deserve access to our courts. In fact, you earn that access every day.

Stay safe.

Filed under Education, Insurance, LEO Litigation, Officer Safety Tagged with , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Government Email For Private Use: “We have no secrets”

February 4, 2012 Leave a comment

I’m dating myself here, but in 1972, Carly Simon released a song entitled, “We have no secrets.” The song and the album were very successful and the lyrics were quite timely. “We have no secrets. We tell each other everything.” Later in the song Ms. Simon sings the very powerful and wise line, “Sometimes I wish, often I wish that I never knew some of those secrets of yours.” While we all agree that email is an amazing way to communicate, many think that email is private like a letter placed into an envelope. Nothing could be further from the truth. This is especially true with email provided to you through a government entity.

Here is the scenario that I see most often. A LEO has an email address provided by her employer. She uses the email address often at work and becomes familiar with it. She gives this address out  to friends and family members as freely as she does with co-workers and other LEOs. Eventually, she begins using the government email address in association with Facebook, Twitter, a personal blog or as contact information for a private group such as the Fraternal Order of Police. Eventually, this email address is used constantly for non-LE business. One day, the agency confronts the LEO with an email she sent to a friend. Her chain of command reminds her of the agency’s policy regarding private use of government resources and making disparaging remarks that undermine the effectiveness of the agency. Suddenly, a complaint is born, a LEO is facing discipline and a rush of fear comes over the LEO with an aching thought, “Can they look at all of the email I sent?” Short answer: Yes.

Email is hosted or maintained by the entity that owns the domain name. This is the part of the email after the “@” symbol. With very few exceptions, you should expect that you have no expectation of privacy in any email you send or receive through your agency email. That’s right. No subpoena necessary. You can also bet that the attorney suing you or your department will want any email relevant to the case and he will get it.

However, privacy is not your only concern. Many agency policies consider personal use of email the same as using any other government resource for personal use. Would you take your patrol car on a family trip to Wally World? Would you think it is acceptable use stamps and envelopes from your agency to send out payments to your cable and power company? If the answer if “no” then your understand why you should not use your agency email for private purposes.

Have you heard enough yet? Well, there’s more. While you may be able to control the emails you send, you have no control over the email sent to you! Imagine the sheer joy of explaining to your chain of command how your friend from high school through it was cool to send you an email with a nude photo attached. That would truly be a memorable experience. In truth, you have no control over the email people send to you. Including attachments that contain destructive viruses.

Finally, any correspondence with your attorney is protected by privilege. This privilege can be placed in jeopardy if you correspond through your agency email. I routinely call people who send me legal questions over their agency email and tell them to provide a private email address.

Fortunately, there are a number of simple and cheap solutions. You can get a gmail account here, a Yahoo account here, or get an email account from your cable company. Many organizations will allow you to get an email account through them. For example, any FOP member can get an email account with “fop.net” as a domain name. My FOP email is lance@fop.net. You can get an FOP email address here. If you are not a member, you can take care of that as well!

So, no more excuses! Get a personal email and use it for personal matters. Whether you are a” technogeek” or a dinosaur, you cannot wait any longer to take care of this. After all, Carly Simon was right about one thing. There are few secrets any more especially in our age of technology. Preserve the privacy you have.

Stay safe.

Filed under Education, Social Networking, Uncategorized Tagged with , , , , , , , , ,

United States v. Jones: A breakdown of the case that changed the use of GPS

January 29, 2012 Leave a comment

Last week, the United States Supreme Court issued an opinion that will change the way LEOs do business. As always, I encourage you to read the full opinion. Like any opinion from the USSC, United States v. Jones contains many lessons for LEOs. In this post, I will go through the opinion for you, point out the value of appellate court opinions and tell you how to get the most out of every opinion from appellate courts, especially opinions from the USSC! All LEOs, especially trainers and administrators, must learn to read the entire opinion for themselves and apply the full effect of the court’s decision.

First things first. With any opinion, you must determine what the court examined. What was the issue “before the court?” This is critical as appellate courts, and especially the USSC, issue opinions as to narrow issues of law. People often misquote or improperly apply case law because they forget that the decision of every appellate court is limited to the issue before the court. The issue is framed by the facts of the case and the legal question to be resolved.

In United States v. Jones, the issue before the Court was stated as follows: “We decide whether the attachment of a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking device to an individual’s vehicle, and subsequent use of that device to monitor the vehicle’s movements on public streets, constitutes a search or seizure within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment.” This is stated at the outset to frame the rest of the opinion. Appellate courts typically work to decide narrow issues of law. As an example, in this case, the Court discussed other questions raised by this case but not presented by the facts of this case. Justice Scalia summarized the unwillingness of the Court to reach decisions on hypothetical cases stating, “We may have to grapple with these “vexing problems” in some future case where a classic trespassory search is not involved and resort must be had to Katz analysis; but there is no reason for rushing forward to resolve them here.”

The next part of the opinion is a statements of the facts. This is a critical part of the opinion. The Court spends a great deal of time compiling this statement of facts from the briefs submitted by the lawyers for both sides as well as the “record” of the case. The record consists of everything from the transcript of the trial, the evidence presented at trial, the motions and rulings in the trial court and the opinions of all other appellate courts that ruled on the case. In short, the USSC has before it everything related to the case. From this, the judges and their staff compile a statement of facts.

The statement of facts is critical to LEOs. This allows you to find out what law enforcement procedures or actions were examined by the USSC. You can then look at your own day to day operations and determine how to proceed. For example, based upon this opinion, law enforcement administrators will examine their internal procedures and change policies to conform to the new law of the land as expressed by the highest court in the country.

The next part of the opinion sets out the principles of law the Court finds applicable to the case. For example, in United States v. Jones, the Court set out the principle that a vehicle is an “effect” within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment which states, that “[t]he right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated.” Justice Scalia also explains the history of the Court’s opinions using the analogy of a search to a trespass and the later cases that explain how the reasonable expectation of privacy analysis guided the Court. The Court begins the opinion with this section because the Court must rely on precedent when ruling on a case. In this section, the Court sets out the precedent upon which it relies for this opinion. This part of the opinion is also important for LEOs because you can learn a tremendous amount about past cases and the principles that the Court finds important. At the end of this section, the Court comes to the conclusion or the “holding” in the case. In United States v. Jones, the USSC upheld the decision of the lower appellate court reversing Jones’ conviction.

Next are the concurring and any dissenting opinions. A concurring opinion agrees with the end result of the main opinion but states a different reason or interpretation of the law. A dissenting opinion is authored by a judge who disagrees with the main or “majority” opinion and explains why the judge or judges disagree. Concurring and dissenting opinions hold a great deal of insight about the Court’s reasoning or rationale for deciding the case.  Often, the reasoning of the concurring or dissenting opinion influence the court in future opinions.

So, on to United States v. Jones. The USSC found that the installation of a GPS device constitutes a “search” of an “effect” within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. This is partly based upon a concept that a search is similar to a trespass. If a person would not be permitted to act in a certain manner because those actions would be a trespass to another, then the court considers the action by law enforcement to be a search. The second part of the analysis is that the Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable searches. In this case, the Court found that the insertion on a GPS device to the undercarriage of a privately owned vehicle constitutes a search and raises sufficient Fourth Amendment concerns so as to require a search warrant.

Read it, learn from it and practice the principles set out in the opinion. If you act contrary to the rules set out in this opinion, you could expose yourself to liability.

As a LEO, you should embrace every opinion of the USSC. The justices work hard to understand the realities of law enforcement. While it is easy to criticize an opinion, you must recognize that the United States Constitution was drafted by a group of people who were fearful of government. They drafted a document that would establish a government with boundaries that is responsible first and foremost to the people. In that analysis, the Court must err on the side of limiting government intrusions especially when the only effect is requiring LEOs to seek a search warrant.

Stay safe.

Filed under Case Law, Constitutional Law, Education, Legal Update, LEO Litigation, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Uncategorized

Year End Planning For LEOs: More than part-times and naughty lists

December 31, 2011 Leave a comment

As you “undeck the halls,” defy gravity on ladders taking down lights and plot a strategy to stay off the naughty list next year, I’d like to take a few moments of your time to talk about some end of the year planning that is essential for LEOs. This is not planning the next firearm purchase, although that classifies as essential in my book, as I’ll leave that to other blogs! I’m talking about planning in the career, life and protection sense for you and your family. In short, a bit of wisdom, a word of experience and a pinch of “lawyering up.”

Career Development

Most LEOs wait until September to determine if they require training hours to meet their state requirements. Don’t do that; start now. Take a look at training available from state, regional and commercial sources. This will allow you to plan for classes, save for tuition if necessary and make a case with your chain of command for you to attend each class.

Be deliberate in your training plans. Work toward certificates, designations or specialized classes. Look for classes that allow you to obtain college credit as well. Many training companies now offer college credit as a standard benefit of taking their courses. For example, I took an Active Shooter Instructor Course through Team One Network. The class provided college credits that can be transferred later. The class was excellent by the way.

Finally, is there an area of law enforcement that interests you? If so, learn more about it! It is easier to reach a training goal if the end result lights you up just thinking about it! Do you have in interest in training? Are you interested in becoming the commander of a tactical unit? Are you working to reach command staff levels within your agency or another jurisdiction? The path to those goals is clear. Look at the resumes of those who are in your ideal job and take the classes necessary to get there!

Education

I could have an entire post about the excuses people have for not finishing their degrees. You certainly do not need a college degree, masters, law degree or Ph.D. to be a LEO. However, those initials after your name are required in more and more agencies to advance to the command level. It is increasingly hard to compete for the top spot in any agency without a degree. That is the reality of our profession. There are certainly exceptions to this rule. However, I want to hear that your promotions and career proceeded along a predictable path and not according to luck!

There are plenty of flexible programs available for LEOs who want to obtain or finish a degree. Do not overlook the traditional universities. For example, Kennesaw State University just north of Atlanta has a fantastic and flexible BS degree in Criminal Justice taught by LEOs, former LEOs and some of the best instructors the CJ field has to offer! The university also has a Masters Program in Criminal Justice. The classes are taught on weekends to assist with scheduling and the faculty is committed to your success!

There are also flexible programs, some offer on-line options, throughout the United States! The Fraternal Order of Police offers members the Fraternal Order of Police University or FOPU. The program currently offers a partnership with nine universities and colleges to provide members with assistance with scholarships, tuition and tailoring the courses to fit your needs.

In short, leave the excuses to the suspects on the street and in the interview rooms! Make it happen for yourself and your family in 2012!

Wills and other important papers

The new year is a great time to assess your personal situation with regard to your will and who will make decisions if you are not able to do so. Let’s face it, the new year brings marriage to many and divorce to others. If your circumstances have changed, “for better or for worse”, you must update your will, “living will”, and insurance beneficiary information.

I have personally been involved in many situations wherein a person did not change the beneficiary of their life insurance or department benefits and an ex-spouse collected death benefits. Don’t blame the department or the insurance company. They can only do what you tell them to do!

If you get married, divorced, have a child or adopt a child, you should have an attorney give your will a second look. If you do not have a will, we need to talk…and you need to read my previous post on this topic! For those of you who choose not to use an attorney to draft your will, that is your choice. However, remember that you will not be saddled with any defects in your will. The people you are trying to protect with the will are left to deal with those issues. If it makes you feel any better, I hired a lawyer to draft my will. Enough said.

If you are not able to make medical decisions for yourself or are not likely to survive, you are able to provide direction and designate who will make those decisions. While the names of the documents may vary, the goal is the same. Speak with an attorney in your state to find out more. Through my representation of hospitals for many years, I have seen the effects of a family working without direction from the ill or injured party in these situations. This can be a difficult and devastating time that can be made much easier with some advanced planning.

Many lawyers will offer discounts to LEOs for these services. Your local FOP lodge probably has an arrangement with a local attorney. The costs are minimal compared to the peace of mind and other benefits.

Insurance

There are three types of insurance your should address, update or consider this time of year. They are auto, life and legal defense. While there are certainly other types of insurance like disability and long-term care, we will save those for another blog post!

Automobile insurance is your best friend if you are injured because you stand the best chance of injury in a motor vehicle collision! I do not need to spend time convincing you of the crazy driving habits of the motoring public or of the grossly underinsured nature of the majority of the amateur stunt drivers on our roads! Your UM coverage on your personal car insurance policy will often help you if you are injured on duty. Yes, I said ON DUTY! Also keep in mind that your travel to and from work in your personal vehicle is normally NOT covered by workers compensation, so you will be on your own if you are injured driving to work by a driver with little or no insurance! You should pay the extra premiums to increase your UM policy limits as high as you can afford. For more information, see my previous blog post on this topic.

Life insurance is another matter. Your department likely has a death benefit as well as the state, federal and local government if you are killed in the line of duty as does the National Rifle Association. In addition, the Fraternal Order of Police has a death benefit for members. As stated above, update the beneficiaries as necessary!

Finally, let’s talk about legal defense. I recently defended a LEO accused of murder….yes murder, when the family of the perpetrator attempted to seek a warrant for his arrest. He was not an FOP member and did not have a legal defense plan. His fee, even with a LEO discount, was a significant percentage of his annual salary! A few years ago, a LEO was finally acquitted of criminal charges following a shooting. His legal defense bill was $100,000.00! I do a great deal of pro bono work for LEOs every year as do other attorneys around the United States. However, you should not rely on this option as it may not be available when you need it! The Fraternal Order of Police offers a legal defense plan that will protect you in the event of administrative, tort or criminal charges. It will also protect you in the event that you face liability for carrying a firearm pursuant to HR 218. The National Rifle Association offers insurance for LEOs who teach firearms classes. Do not wait until you have a problem to look for insurance. Most plans will not cover an issue that arises prior to your purchase of the insurance.

Remember to read your insurance policies! While you may believe it is a sure cure for insomnia, it is best to read it now. If the policy does not cover you for a particular situation, you can change that now. If you wait until after an incident and discover for the first time that the policy will not protect you and your family, insomnia will be least of your worries!

Looking forward to the future!

All predictions of the Mayan calendar aside, 2012 will hopefully be a great year for all of us! At the end of the new year, I hope to hear from you about your successes! Contact me if I can help you in any way. We are proud to stand for and with LEOs when they are injured and need assistance. I can help you find an attorney virtually anywhere in the United States.You should never stand alone.

May 2012 be safer for all of us and may God continue to protect each and every one of you!

Stay safe.

 

 

Filed under Education, FOP & POST, LEO Litigation, Uncategorized, Use of Force, Use of Tasers

TASER® Class: Use of Force, Risk Management and Legal Strategies Seminars

December 3, 2011 Leave a comment

After 23 years in law enforcement, I’ve attended a bunch of classes. I’ve also taught a bunch of classes relating to everything from basic law enforcement to on-scene response to the Georgia Association of Law Enforcement Firearms Instructors. I was honored to attend a great seminar recently put on by TASER® International in Lawrenceville, Georgia. The class was open to LEOs, administrators and attorneys. With attendance of about 250, there is no doubt the class was popular and the topic appropriate.

As I walked around during the breaks, I saw a cross-section of our law enforcement community, many of whom I knew. I ran into LEO trainers, line officers looking to learn more, agency heads, county attorneys and members of our United States Military. What a great collection of leaders.

The seminar was excellent. The topics were fresh and timely ranging from use of force decisions from courts around the country to product innovations from TASER® to a healthy dose of science and medicine to educate attendees on the device. Having defended LEOs as well as physicians in medical malpractice cases for many years, I was impressed with the way in which the material cut to the chase and presented the facts.

The seminar instructors included TASER® CEO and Founder Rick Smith,TASER® General Counsel Mike Brave, Dr. Mark W. Kroll, PhD, FACC, FHRS who holds numerous patents associated with implemented cardiac pacemakers and a LEO who also works as an emergency department physician.

The TASER® device has saved lives and greatly reduced injuries for LEOs and suspects. The seminar stressed an analysis that bears some reflection. How many lives were saved because the TASER® was deployed and the use of deadly force was not required? That is a penetrating question. It is also the most important question that you must bring to the community and your administration when promoting TASER® use and analyzing TASER® deployments.

LEOs in the United States are well-trained and have a great deal of guidance from our courts on the use of force. As I’ve stated in previous posts, the ideal law enforcement encounter with a violent offender ends with no injury to the LEO or the offender. If that goal cannot be accomplished, we should strive to effect the arrest with the least amount of injury as well as using the least amount of force. Time and time again, we have seen that the TASER® accomplishes that goal and is an invaluable tool for LEOs.

As to those who seek to demonize the TASER®, an essential part of any tort lawsuit that seeks damages for an injury to a person is causation. In short, “Did the actions of a person cause the injury?” I’ve dealt with this in defending physicians and hospitals for many years. As LEOs you must always remember that the outcome of the subject’s encounter with LEOs does not create liability. Put another way, the person suing the LEO or the agency must prove that your actions actually caused the injury outlined in the lawsuit. The law requires proof of proximate cause also expressed as legal cause. More than anything, this seminar was effective in outlining great strategies to prepare LEOs to defend themselves in cases wherein the outcome of the arrest is a serious injury or death. In order to defend yourself in a lawsuit, like in any use of force case, you must gather the appropriate evidence.

The seminar presented common sense points seemingly lost in the media. For example, any pacemaker must be able to withstand the electricity transferred by a medical external defibrillator and the TASER® device delivers far less energy. Or the fact that the TASER® is powered by a battery the size of a digital camera battery and cannot deliver the same current as an electric chair. Yes, I’ve heard that argument made with a straight face but I could not stop laughing. The import of the seminar is that as LEOs we bear the burden to get the facts to the community and the media. The TASER® is a tool provided to us by a private company willing to take a risk. Just as the folks at TASER® protect you on the street, you must protect them in the courtroom, before the city council and with the media. Just like any law enforcement tool, one court case can change the game and result in the loss of a vital arrow in our quiver.

Like any law enforcement tool, you must be educated and be able to articulate the use of and reason for deployment of a TASER®. I recommend that you periodically read the training materials you received and review that material before you testify in EVERY case if a TASER® was deployed. Remember that the testimony you provide in every probable cause hearing or trial in municipal court for disorderly conduct is just as critical as your testimony in federal court in a use of force case. You should be just as fluent in the science of the TASER® as you are with the science behind your firearm. In the end, all of the research done on the TASER® and all of the expert testimony provided in every case will not determine if we are able to keep this valuable tool. It will be the actions of LEOs on the street and the manner in which they are able to articulate the reasons for their actions that will carry the day. That’s OK though. You are the best in the world at what you do.

Stay safe.

 

Filed under Case Law, Education, Legal Update, LEO Litigation, Officer Safety, Politics & Current Affairs, Uncategorized, Use of Force, Use of Tasers

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